Kudzu Root Extract(Pueraria Lobata) and Its Application

1.Introduction of Pueraria
 
China is a distribution center of the genus Pueraria. There are about 9 species and 2 varieties, including Pueraria Lobata (Willing) Ohwi, P. thomsonii Benth, P. edulisPampeloperoides Craib, P. ppeduncularis Grah exBentih, Vietnam, P. moutana (Lour.) Merr., Emei, Wang & Tang, P. calycina Frarchet phaseoli (Roxb.). ) Bently, Shan State, P. strizctaKurz and Simao, P. wallichii DC. Except for artificial cultivation of P. thomsonii Benth, the rest are mainly wild.
 
In the market, the mainstream variety sold is P. thomsonii Benth and Pueraria lobata. According to ChP 2015, Kudzu refers to the dry root of Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi, which contains rich fiber, high content of isoflavones, and little starch, and is mainly researched for its pharmaceutical functions. It is the most widely distributed, the highest yield and the most rich resources in China. on the contrary, Pueraria thomsonii Benth.has rich starch, less fiber, and little isoflavones. It is mainly used in the food industry.
The Kudzu root Extract in this paper refers to the root extract of Pueraria lobata.
 
2. Kudzu root Extract
 
2.1Main constituents
 
In the continuous study, the following types of compounds were isolated from the Kudzu root: isoflavones, flavonoids, coumarins, triplets, alkaloids, and so on. In which, the isoflavones are the main active ingredients.
 
2.1.1 Isoflavones
It mainly contains more than 30 kinds of isoflavones including daidzein, daidzin, puerarin, genistein, genistin, 3’-hydroxy puerarin, 3’-Methoxypuerarin, Biochanin A, Formononetin, Ononin, etc.
 
2.1.2 Coumarins
Most of the coumarins in Pueraria is the highest oxidation form of isoflavones, including puerarol, 6, 7-dimethoxycoumarin, coumestrol and so on.
 
2.1.3 Triterpenoid compounds
Sophoradiol, Soyasapogenol, kudzusapogenol C,A , Kudzusaponins SA1, Kudzusaponins SA2, Kudzusaponins SA3, Kudzusaponins SA4, etc.
 
2.1.4 Others
The aromatic component and the other components include daucosterol, β-sitosterol, arachidic acid, etc.
 
2.2 Isoflavones
 
The isoflavones of Pueraria lobata were determined by seven index components including puerarin, daidzin, daidzein, genistein, genistin, 3’-hydroxy puerarin, 3’-Methoxypuerarin) or five index components (Pueraria, daidzein, daidzin, genistin, genistein), or five index components (puerarin, daidzein, daidzein, 3’-hydroxy puerarin, 3’-Methoxypuerarin). Puerarin accounts for more than 50% of Pueraria isoflavones and is a unique component of Pueraria lobata. In 1993, the Chia’s Ministry of Health approved puerarin injection as a new drug to improve the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular circulation for clinical use, which is the first choice for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular problems.
2.2.1 Puerarin  CAS No.: 3681-99-0，Molecular Formula: C21H20O9, Molecular Weight: 416.38。
2.2.2. Daidzin  CAS No.: 552-66-9，Molecular Formula: C21H20O9, Molecular Weight: 416.38。
2.2.3. Daidzein  CAS No.: 486-66-8，Molecular Formula: C15H10O4, Molecular Weight: 254.24。
2.2.4. Genistin  CAS No.: 529-59-9，Molecular Formula: C21H20O10, Molecular Weight: 432.38。
2.2.5. Genistein CAS No.: 446-72-0，Molecular Formula: C15H10O5, Molecular Weight: 270.24。
2.2.6.  3’-hydroxy puerarin  CAS No.: 117060-54-5, Molecular Formula: C21H20O10, Molecular Weight: 432.38。
2.2.7.  3’-Methoxypuerarin CAS No.: 117047-07-1, Molecular Formula: C22H22O10, Molecular Weight: 446.40。

Application
 
Modern pharmacological experiments have proved that Pueraria lobata can help improve immunity, antioxidation, improve cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, improve memory, control stability of blood glucose, blood pressure, and blood lipid, estrogen effect and so on.
 
4.1 Liver protection, and has a protective effect on alcoholic fatty liver.
 
Can be formulated with Hovenia Dulcis Extract, Pueravia Flower Extract, Penthorum Chinese Extract, Hawthorne Extract, Chrysanthemum Extract, Nutmeg Extract, Licorice root Extract, Gardenia Extract.
 
4.2 Immunity enhancement.
 
Can be formulated with Schisandra P.E., Goji berry Extract, Astragalus Extract, Reishi mushroom Extract, Indian Buead Extract, Solomon’s Seal Extract, Codonopsis Pilosula Extract, Ginkgo biloba Extract, Glossy privet fruit Extract.

4.3 Blood glucose regulation.
Can be formulated with Bitter melon Extract, Sky fruit Extract, Wild Yam Extract, Gynostemma Pentaphyllum Extract, Buckwheat Extract Polygonatum odoratum Extract, Dwarf lilyturf Extract.

4.4 Isoflavones are plant estrogens. It can help regulate estrogen and endocrine.
 
Can be formulated with SoyBean Isoflavones, Wild Yam Extract, Fenugreek Seed P.E., Papaya Extract, Dandelion Extract, Fennel Extract, Black cohosh P.E., Red Clover Extract.
 
4.5 Antioxidation and delaying aging. In cosmetic, it is mainly used for skin whitening, sun-screening and spot-removing.
Can be formulated with: Grape seed Extract, Anthocyanidins Extract such as Blueberry Extract, Bilberry Extract, Green tea Extract, Licorice root Extract, Eucommia ulmoides Extract.

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